Kiln.



No. 888,573. PATENTED MAY 26, 1908.

M. H. AVRAMQ KILN.

APPLICATION FILED JULY l9 1907.

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'. WWI Laces H 3 mm nib; M I WM? 4% flow/w W I a; Va dez-M13 w W WM- No. 888,573. PATENTED MAY 26, 1908.

M. H.-AVRAM.

KILN.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 19, 1907.

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J I 'J K I I I I No. 888,573. I PATENTED MAY 26, 1908.

' M. H. AVRAM.

KILN.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 19. 1907.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

' Mois a. AVRAM, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO AVRAM-LEET ENGINEERING COMPANY,

UNITED" STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF-NEW YORK.

KILN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

. Patented May 2c, 1908.

Application filed. my 19, 1907. Serial No. 384,518.

To all whom it may concern:

7 Be it known that I, Mois H. AVRAM, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, countyof New York, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Kilns, of which the follow ing'is a full, clear, and exact description.-

My invention relates to improvements in kilns or cylinders such as are used for drying various materials or for hardening sand lime brick and the like, and has for its object to provide a cylinder or kiln Withopening and closing means, which can be moreconveniently mani ulated thanv the means used at present, an also to provide a cylinder in which unhardened bricks can be supplied at one end and hardened bricks taken out from the. other end.

My invention broadly considered, so far as the closing means is concerned, consists of an end piece formed of a frame and a cover proper carried thereby, in combination with any suitable means for removing this frame and cover from the endof the cylinder, by a movement at an angle to its axis, and means for forcing the cover away from the'frame and into engagement with the end of the cylinder'so as to make a tight en agemont therewith. Various means may e provided formoving the frame and for forcing the cover proper away from the frame, and the 'direction of movement of the frame may also be modified' I prefer, however, to use the pressure means which are hereafter described, and to move the frame together with the cover vertically upward and downward.

The following is a description of an embodiment of my invention, reference being .had to the accompanying drawing, in which Fig.2 is a cross section of the same, showing Figure .1 is aside elevation of a cylinder,

the bricks in position, Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the same, Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of the closing means at one 6I1(l,l3.11(l Fig. 5 1s a section showing'details.

Referring more particularly to the drawing, A is a cylinder constituting a receiving I chamber which forbrick hardening kilns is in practice made some five to seven feet in diameter and thirtyto eighty feet long. In this cylinder and runnin its entire length, are car tracks B u on which can bemoved a truck C carrying ricks D. The tracks are in line with external tracks B at each end so that the truck can be moved into and out of the cylinder as desired, temporary bridging rails being inserted for that purpose. The cylinder, when theharden-ing process is going on, usually contains a sufliclent number of trucks to extend over the full length of the track. Means are provided for opening and closing the cylinder at each end so that unhardened bricks can be fed in at one end as they come from the press and be removed at the other end for storage or ship ing.

Heretofore great difficulty has een experienced in closing the cylinders, even when one end only was open, and my closing means is intended to obviate this difficulty. This 'means consists of a yoke E preferably cast and having its lower portion provided with a circular opening which surrounds the end of the cylinder, as shown at E E. The outer end of the cylinder is provided with an upturned flange F which fits in a recess in the face ofthe yoke. The, yoke isprovided with an integral flange G and a removable flange G forming a oove or runway for the movable head of t e cylinder. The upper end of the yoke is provided. with a cross-piece'H through which passes a screw-threaded rod 1, the screw-threads of which engage with the internal screw-threads on the hub J of a -worm-wheel J. This worm-wheel J is driven by a screw K, which in turn is driven by any convenient source of power. A clutch K may be used for connecting and disconnecting the worm from such source of power. To the lower end of the screwthreaded rod I is connected a cross-head L which carries a cylindrical disk or frame M provided with suitable strengthenin ribs. On the inner side of the frame or disk? is av disk N which forms the head proper of the cylinder.' This is rovided wit aprojection from which extends a rod N surrounded by a com ression s ring N The head N is movab e relative y to the disk M, and when free to move outward is drawn in that directhem t an on the other.

are each provided with angular dportions on which fit quadrants Q provide with gear teeth g. Any two successive quadrants lie in different planes so as to overlap, and thus not interfere with the action of one another. These quadrants all mesh with teethupon a large gear wheel R looselymounted upon a projection carried by the frame M. Attached to this large gear is a smaller gear S.

Rigidly connected to the projection on the I gether with the gear R is moved the distance of one tooth for every revolution of the shaft U. This motion is communicated to the quadrants Q and thus a very slow but a very powerful movement is communicated tothe screws 0. The pitch of the screws 0 is so steep that a quarter of a revolution of the same will force the head P up snug against the endof the cylinder, and, by reasonof the backing p, form a substantially steam-tight joint around the cylinder. The outer flange G of the yoke acts as an abutment for the frame M to hold it in position against the pressure of the screws 0, and'permits an even pressure to be applied at frequent intervals to the entire circumference of the inner head M. The li M engaging the yoke also assists'in holding the frame in position.

Casings or covers W W may be provided forthe gearsand moving parts other than the hand wheel U. A similar closing means is rovided at both ends of the cylinder A. hen it is desired to charge the cylinder, the hand wheel U is'revolved until the pressure due to the screws O-is removed. The worm K is then operated until the cover is elevated so as touncover the end of the cylinder.

.The cars are then rolled in until the cylinder is filled, whereupon-the end piece is lowered by a reverse movement of the worm K-and.

- the cover is forced against the end of the cylits inder so as to make a steam-tight joint by manipulating the handwheel U. The parts necessarily have large weight in order to get sufiicient strength, but by the means described they can bee'asily handled and the desired closure efiected. It is to be noted that the pressure upon the cover proper is applied at its periphery and at equal 1nterva s,;so that the strain upon the cover due to I the pressure screws is well distributed and is directly over the circumferential bearing.

The apparatus is sim le and effective and enables a great saving 0 both time and labor over closing means heretofore used. It adchamber, a yoke adjacent to the mouth thereof, a frame carried by said yoke and held from movement longitudinal to the chamber, a cover carried by the frame and located between the frame and the mouth, means for forcing the cover away from the frame and toward the mouth, and means for moving the frame together with the cover in a 'direction at an angle-to the axis of the chamber.

2. In a kiln, the combination of a receiving chamber, a yoke adjacent to the mouth thereof, a frame carried by said yoke and held from movement longitudinal to the chamber, a cover carried by the frame and located between the frame and the mouth, means for forcin thecover away from the frame and toward the mouth, said means engaging the periphery of said cover, and means for moving the frame together with the cover in a direction at an angle to the axis of the chamber.

3. ,In a kiln, the combination of a receiving chamber, a ydke adjacent to the mouth thereof, a frame carried by said yoke and held from movement longitudinal to the chamber, a cover carried by the frame and located between the frame and the mouth, means for fo'rcin the cover away from the frame and toward the mouth, said means being carried by said frame and engaging the periphery of said cover, and means for moving the frame together with the cover in a direction at anangle to the axis of the chamber.. v

4. In a kiln, the combination of a. receiving chamber, a yoke adjacent to the mouth thereof, a frame earned by said yoke and held from movement longitudinal to the chamber, a cover carried by .the frame and located between the frame and the mouth, means for forcing the cover away from the frame and toward the mouth, said means consisting of set screwscarried by the frame and engaging the periphery of said cover,

and means for moving the frame together with the cover in a direction at an angle to the axis of the chamber.

5. In a kiln, the combination of a receiving chamber, a yoke adjacent to the mouth th'ereof,a frame cafried thereby and held from movement lon itudinal to'the chamber, a cover carried by t e frame and located between the frame and the mouth, means for forcing the cover away from the frame and toward the -mouth, said means consisting of set screws carried by the frame and engaging the periphery of said cover, means for mov frame, and 'with vwhich said sectors mesh.

6. Ina kiln, the combination of a receiving chamber, a yoke adjacent to the mouth thereof, a frame carried thereby and. held from movement lon itudinal to the chamber, a cover carried by t e frame and located between the frame and the mouth, means for forcing the cover away from the frame and toward the mouth, said means consisting of set screws carried .by the frame and engaging the peri hery of said cover, means for moving the i f'ame together with the cover in a direction at an angle to the axis of the chamber, toothed sectors carried by said set screws and a common gear carried by said frame with which said sectors mesh, a power wheel, and reducing gearing'located between said hand wheel and said common gear.

7. In a kiln, the combination of a receiving chamber, a yoke. adjacent to the mouth thereof, -a frame carried thereby and held from movement longitudinal to the chamber,

a cover carried by the frame and located between the frame and the mouth, means for forcin the cover away from the frame and towar the mouth, said means consisting of ortions bearing .on said cover at frequent intervals, and means for simultaneously acting upon said portions to cause themto engage and disengage said cover.

8. In a kiln, thecombination of a receiving chamber, a yoke adjacent to the mouth thereof, aframe carried thereby and held frornmovement longitudinal to the chamher, a cover carried by the frame and located between the frame and the mouth, means for forcing the cover away from the frame and toward the mouth, said means consisting of v set screws carried by the frame and engaging the periphery of saidjcover, together with adjusting screws passing throu h said set.

screws, means for simultaneous y revolving said set screws, and means for moving the frame together with the cover at an angle to the axis ofthe chamber.

; MOIS H. AVRAM.

Witnesses: v

COLLINS P. BL'Iss, J. W. PERRY. 

